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    Exchange bias and enhanced magnetoelectric effect in FeNiMo3O8

    Junkai Yang1,2, Ying Meng1,2, Xiangfei Li1,2, Luyao Wang1,2, Haoyu Zhuang1,2, Jie Zhang1,2, Xi Shen1,*, Youwen Long1,2, and Richeng Yu1,2,3,†

    • *Contact author: xshen@iphy.ac.cn
    • †Contact author: rcyu@iphy.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 024407 – Published 7 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/yn33-jfp3

    Abstract

    Magnetoelectric (ME) materials face challenges in terms of practical applications and understanding of the underlying mechanisms of some phenomena. Studying these phenomena in glassy systems may provide fresh insights, but research along these lines remains limited. Our study reveals the existence of a glassy state at high temperature in single-crystal FeNiMo3O8 (FNMO), providing a unique perspective for comprehending other high-temperature physical phenomena in this system. Remarkably, FNMO exhibits enhanced ME coupling, achieving the ME effect at elevated temperatures relative to other members of the M2Mo3O8 family, and coupling with a higher second-order ME coefficient than its parent phase. Our research establishes a direct relation between the ME effect and the glassy state. The emergence of exchange bias in FNMO is controlled by the spin coupling at the interface between the glassy state and the antiferromagnetic state, opening up novel pathways for developing high-performance magnetic memories by using single-phase materials.

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