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    Variational study of the magnetization plateaus in the spin-12 kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet: An approach from vision transformer neural quantum states

    Andreas Raikos*, Sylvain Capponi†, and Fabien Alet‡

    • *Contact author: andreas.raikos@irsamc.ups-tlse.fr
    • †Contact author: sylvain.capponi@irsamc.ups-tlse.fr
    • ‡Contact author: fabien.alet@cnrs.fr

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 074410 – Published 7 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xyzw-jtn1

    Abstract

    We analyze the magnetization curve of the spin-1/2 kagome Heisenberg model in a magnetic field. Using state-of-the-art variational wave functions based on neural networks, we confirm the presence of robust magnetization plateaus at m=1/3, 5/9, and 7/9 of the saturation value, stabilized by a spontaneous symmetry breaking of lattice translations with a 3×3 unit cell. Regarding the more challenging m=1/9 plateau, we find two competing valence bond crystals depending on the system size, both breaking translation as well as point group symmetries and with a larger 3×3 unit cell. Such quantum states with local modulations of the magnetization average values could be observed experimentally in the near future.

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