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    LiANd2(BO3)3 (A=Ba,Sr): A frustrated spin-hexamer lattice with cluster-liquid-like state and enhanced magnetocaloric effect

    Malik Ashtar1, Xinyang Liu1, Zhaotong Zhuang1, Junsen Xiang1,*, Zhaoming Tian2,†, and Peijie Sun1,‡

    • *Contact author: xiangjs@iphy.ac.cn
    • †Contact author: tianzhaoming@hust.edu.cn
    • ‡Contact author: pjsun@iphy.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 224435 – Published 18 June, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/wv7v-ldhp

    Abstract

    The exploration of model systems exhibiting geometrical spin frustration remains a key avenue for uncovering emergent quantum phenomena. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a different type of frustrated quantum magnets, LiANd2(BO3)3 (A=Ba,Sr), featuring spatially confined magnetic spin clusters. These compounds host a two-dimensional triangular network of Nd6 spin hexamers in ab planes, separated along the c axis by nonmagnetic AO10 and BO3 units. Magnetic susceptibility and specific-heat measurements reveal the realization of an effective Jeff=1/2 ground state and the absence of long-range magnetic order or spin freezing down to at least 0.1 K, below which a substantial fraction of spin entropy persists. Under quasi-adiabatic demagnetization from an initial temperature of about 2 K, they exhibit a promising cooling effect, with the temperature-field profile T(μ0H) displaying a distinct minimum or shoulder near 1 T, presumably associated with the intracluster spin correlations. Upon further reducing the field to zero, additional temperature drops down to ∼106/117 mK become evident, hinting at the development of intercluster spin interactions. The probable hierarchical spin interactions and the strong T(μ0H) responses characteristic of both compounds suggest that LiANd2(BO3)3 is a promising spin-cluster system for exploring quantum spin magnetism and sub-Kelvin magnetocaloric effect.

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