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    Site-decorated model for unconventional frustrated magnets: Ultranarrow phase crossover and two-dimensional spin reversal transition

    Weiguo Yin*

    • *Contact author: wyin@bnl.gov

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 104418 – Published 10 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/v5qd-5n7z

    Abstract

    The site-decorated Ising model is introduced to advance the understanding and experimental realization of the recently discovered one-dimensional (1D) finite-temperature ultranarrow phase crossover in an external magnetic field, while mitigating the geometric complexities of traditional bond-decorated models. The unconventional frustration and physics are clarified by exactly mapping the 1D site-decorated Ising model in a magnetic field onto a zero-field bond-decorated J1−J2 Ising model with conventional geometrical frustration. Furthermore, although higher-dimensional Ising models in an external field remain unsolved exactly, an exact solution for a spin-reversal transition—driven by an exotic, hidden half-ice, half-fire state induced by site decoration—is derived. This transition, triggered by a slight variation in temperature or magnetic field—without changing its direction—even in the weak-field limit, offers a promising route toward energy-efficient applications such as data storage and processing. The results suggest that site decoration offers an avenue for materials and device design, particularly in systems such as mixed d−f compounds, optical lattices, and neural networks, calling for further studies with site-decorated Heisenberg models. In addition, the site-decorated model offers a rigorous test ground for artificial intelligence (AI) in science, as the analytic derivation of the present results was not only validated but also improved by a general-purpose large language model, inspiring the use of AI as scientific discoverer.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Corrections

    20 July, 2026

    Correction: An incorrect version of Figure 6(c) was used for publication and has now been replaced with the correct version.

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