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    Phase diagram of the vortex state in an amorphous Re6Zr thin film exhibiting inverse melting

    Pritam Das*, Subhamita Sengupta*, Anjan Jana, Rishabh Duhan, Sulagna Dutta, Arghya Dutta, John Jesudasan, Vivas Bagwe, and Pratap Raychaudhuri†

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: pratap@tifr.res.in

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 094512 – Published 17 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/v4g9-nn57

    Abstract

    In Type II superconductors, the vortex lattice can exhibit inverse melting, transitioning from a liquid to a crystalline solid as temperature increases. While recently observed via scanning tunneling microscopy in a 20 nm thick amorphous Re6Zr thin film, this work investigates the corresponding dc transport and low-frequency magnetic screening responses. By identifying distinct signatures of these transitions and integrating scanning tunneling spectroscopy imaging, we construct a comprehensive vortex-state phase diagram in the magnetic field-temperature parameter space. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inverse melting is thickness dependent: a 5 nm film retains an inhomogeneous vortex liquid state, while a 50 nm film maintains a crystalline vortex solid structure except near the upper critical field.

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