Phase diagram of the vortex state in an amorphous thin film exhibiting inverse melting
Phys. Rev. B 114, 094512 – Published 17 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/v4g9-nn57
Abstract
In Type II superconductors, the vortex lattice can exhibit inverse melting, transitioning from a liquid to a crystalline solid as temperature increases. While recently observed via scanning tunneling microscopy in a 20 nm thick amorphous thin film, this work investigates the corresponding dc transport and low-frequency magnetic screening responses. By identifying distinct signatures of these transitions and integrating scanning tunneling spectroscopy imaging, we construct a comprehensive vortex-state phase diagram in the magnetic field-temperature parameter space. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inverse melting is thickness dependent: a 5 nm film retains an inhomogeneous vortex liquid state, while a 50 nm film maintains a crystalline vortex solid structure except near the upper critical field.