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    Spin fractionalization and zero modes in the spin-12 XXZ chain with boundary fields

    Parameshwar R. Pasnoori1,2,*, Yicheng Tang3, Junhyun Lee3, J. H. Pixley3,4, Natan Andrei3, and Patrick Azaria5

    • *Contact author: pparmesh@umd.edu

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 075121 – Published 11 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/thlq-h58t

    Abstract

    In this work, we argue that the antiferromagnetic spin-12 XXZ chain in the gapped phase with boundary magnetic fields hosts fractional spin 14 at its edges. Using a combination of Bethe ansatz and the density matrix renormalization group we show that these fractional spins are sharp quantum observables in both the ground and the first excited state as the associated fractional spin operators have zero variance. In the limit of zero edge fields, we argue that these fractional spin operators, once projected onto the low-energy subspace spanned by the ground state and the first excited state, identify with the strong zero-energy mode discovered by Fendley [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 49, 30LT01 (2016)].

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