We present a comprehensive study of topological phases in $\mathrm{SO}\left(n\right)$ spin chains using a combination of analytical parton construction and numerical techniques. For even $n=2l$, we identify a unique symmetry-protected topological phase, dubbed ${\mathrm{SPT}}^2$ phase characterized by two distinct topological sectors, exhibiting exact degeneracy at the matrix product state exactly solvable point. Through Gutzwiller-projected mean-field theory and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations, we demonstrate that these sectors remain topologically degenerate in close chains throughout the ${\mathrm{SPT}}^2$ phase, with energy gaps decaying exponentially with system size. For odd $n=2l+1$, we show that the ground state remains unique in close chains. We precisely characterize critical states using entanglement entropy scaling, confirming the central charges predicted by conformal field theories. Our results reveal fundamental differences between even and odd $n$ cases, provide numerical verification of topological protection, and establish reliable methods for studying high-symmetry quantum systems. The Gutzwiller-guided DMRG is demonstrated to be notably efficient in targeting specific topological sectors.

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• Symmetry protected topological states
• Topological order
• Density matrix renormalization group
• Gutzwiller approximation