Multiparticle correlations of exciton polaritons and reservoir excitons in the strong light-matter coupling regime dictate the quantum dynamics of optical microcavities. In this work, we examine the many-body exciton-polariton dynamics in a Fabry-Pérot microcavity of a two-dimensional metal-halide semiconductor over timescales involving polariton $(\ll 1\mathrm{ps})$ and exciton $(\gg 1\mathrm{ps})$ scattering. We find enhanced exciton nonlinear dynamics in the microcavity versus the bare semiconductor, concomitant with ultrafast polariton scattering dynamics. We measure, by means of coherent spectroscopy, the coupling between exciton polaritons, bright excitons, and reservoir excitons that highlight the complex scattering landscape that fundamentally drives polariton condensation.

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• Exciton polariton
• Optical microcavities
• Ultrafast phenomena
• Quantum many-body systems
• Two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy
• Ultrafast femtosecond pump probe