Cross-nonlinear generation induced by electric current and temperature gradient in
Phys. Rev. B 111, 214519 – Published 18 June, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/s2w8-w4yw
Abstract
Cross-nonlinear responses to an electric current and a temperature gradient have been investigated in a superconducting MoGe film attached to a ferrimagnetic insulator . We found that the MoGe film generates an electric voltage proportional to both the applied electric current and temperature gradient in the superconducting vortex-liquid phase of the MoGe. The observed cross-nonlinear voltage can be attributed to the motion of vortex strings that sense the difference in magnetic environment between the top and bottom surfaces of the MoGe film on the . The effect demonstrated here expands the scope of thermoelectric physics in low-symmetry materials.