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  • Letter

Moiré-driven equilibrium of perturbations in moiré systems

Federico Escudero1,*, Zhen Zhan1,†, Pierre A. Pantaleón1,‡, and Francisco Guinea1,2

  • *Contact author: federico.escudero@imdea.org
  • †Contact author: zhen.zhan@imdea.org
  • ‡Contact author: pierre.pantaleon@imdea.org

Phys. Rev. B 113, L201115 – Published 29 May, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rjdt-6w8c

Abstract

Perturbations in moiré materials, such as due to substrates or strain, are common in many experiments and can significantly modify the electronic properties of the system. Here, we show that perturbations in twisted bilayer graphene tend to be transferred between the coupled Dirac cones, eventually reaching an equilibrium near the magic angle. We connect our results to experiments and show that this equilibrium behavior remains robust even when the moiré potential itself is perturbed. Our findings extend the notion of the magic angle to a more general regime governed by moiré-driven equilibrium.

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