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    Bogoliubov sum rule and the Knight-shift ellipsoid in spin-locked superconductors

    Yi Zhou*

    • *Contact author: yizhou@iphy.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 084510 – Published 24 August, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rjdm-jv2n

    Abstract

    We establish an exact Bogoliubov sum rule for any Hermitian single-particle operator O: at each momentum, its particle-hole and particle-particle matrix-element weights sum to the single-particle trace Trs(O2). The result follows solely from Hilbert–Schmidt-norm invariance under a canonical Bogoliubov transformation and contains neither excitation-energy denominators nor occupations; physical response identities therefore require additional assumptions. At zero field, a fully gapped helicity-diagonal state with both helicity sheets present and a spin-orbit splitting asymptotically larger than the gap obeys χμν(0)/χN=δμν−Πμν+o(1), where χN is the normal-state Pauli susceptibility and Π=〈n̂kn̂k〉FS is the Fermi-surface average of the unit spin-locking texture. The eigenvalues of Π form a simplex, while the normalized spin Knight-shift tensor defines an ellipsoid whose semiaxes are the residual principal responses. Full cubic invariance of both the superconducting state and locking texture fixes Π=I/3 and hence χ(0)/χN=2I/3+o(1); cubic crystal symmetry alone does not. For zero-field s-wave pairing in the reference-Fermi-surface regime, we obtain the exact closed-form kernel Fs(λ)=1−asinhλ/[λ1+λ2], valid for arbitrary λ=|g|/Δ. In a finite Zeeman field, the zero-field helicity reduction generally fails, so the equilibrium magnetization and differential response require a self-consistent BdG calculation rather than a field-dependent locking-tensor substitution. Applied to the As75 data on K2Cr3As3, the framework identifies a field-dependent axial suppression pattern at 8–16 T. Both its placement near the ĉ-axis vertex and the resulting tension with a specified decoupled-pocket spin-orbit-texture baseline require an additional fixed-tensor T→0 and zero-field extrapolation; no unique microscopic pairing state follows.

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