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Zitterbewegung velocity in semiclassical electron dynamics

Dimitrie Culcer

Phys. Rev. B 114, L020305 – Published 29 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/r2rv-tb7f

Abstract

Zitterbewegung plays a major role in electron dynamics in solids, yet is not captured in conventional semiclassical treatments. Here, starting from the quantum Liouville equation, I identify a Zitterbewegung velocity, which involves the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the quantum geometric tensor oscillating out of phase. The Zitterbewegung velocity resolves the position-shift paradox, recovering the field-induced shift in an electron's position by integrating the semiclassical equations, and is directly related to the famous minimum conductivity of massless Dirac fermions.

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