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Interlayer coupling in two-dimensional MoS2 and phosphorene bilayers: Benchmark quantum Monte Carlo study of interaction energies and quasiparticle band gaps

Y. Huang1, M. Manzoor2, J. Brndiar1, L. Mitas3, P. R. C. Kent4, and I. Štich1,2,*

  • *Contact author: ivan.stich@savba.sk

Phys. Rev. B 113, 115159 – Published 30 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/qt9c-47mn

Abstract

Using high-accuracy many-body quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, we study the effect of interlayer coupling on the properties of two-dimensional freestanding bilayers (BLs) of MoS2 and phosphorene. The properties of the two BL-materials are very different and largely determined by the interlayer interaction, which is purely van der Waals in MoS2 and partially electronic/chemical in phosphorene, resulting in a modest layer-dependent property modulation in MoS2 and strong modulation in phosphorene. Multireference and symmetry considerations are used to construct state-of-the-art accuracy QMC trial wave functions. We determine the quasiparticle band gaps for both materials, ΔΓ→Kqp=2.45±0.05eV in BL-MoS2 and ΔΓ→Γqp=1.59 ±0.1eV in BL-phosphorene. These benchmark band-gap values make it possible to consolidate the interpretation of the widely scattered experimental and theory data.

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