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    Enhancement of the anomalous Nernst and thermal Hall effects in topological flat-band systems

    Minjun Wang1, Wei Jiang1,2,*, and Yugui Yao1,2

    • 1Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Quantum Matter State Control and Ultra-Precision Measurement Technology, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    • 2International Center for Quantum Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519000, China

    • *Contact author: wjiang@bit.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 165123 – Published 13 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/qmn5-vm1p

    Abstract

    The anomalous Nernst and anomalous thermal Hall effects are prominent manifestations of Berry curvature in topological magnets. However, their electrical and thermal responses are governed by different moments of the Berry curvature spectrum, making their simultaneous enhancement in a single material a significant challenge. Here, we propose a universal strategy to overcome this fundamental trade-off by exploiting the unique properties of flat bands. We demonstrate that in magnetic Weyl semimetals, suppressing band dispersion to approach a flat band concentrates the Berry curvature, leading to a synergistic enhancement of both the anomalous Nernst and thermal Hall conductivities. This mechanism is systematically validated, first through a minimal Weyl model and then in a realistic pyrochlore lattice tight-binding model. To bridge theory with experiment, we employ first-principles calculations to identify candidate materials such as ZnV2O4 and Co3Sn2S2, demonstrating that their native flat bands provide a platform for strain engineering to directly control the transverse thermoelectric and thermal responses. Our work establishes flat bands as a powerful design principle for developing high-performance energy conversion and topological quantum devices.

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