Electric field and doping control of the Lifshitz transition in mixed-stacked tetralayer graphene
Phys. Rev. B 112, 115443 – Published 30 September, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/qbtr-h2sb
Abstract
Recent experimental advances in mixed-stacked tetralayer graphene (4MG) revealed a lack of space-inversion symmetry, leading to intrinsic polarization and an associated band gap. Motivated by these results, we conducted a detailed investigation of the Lifshitz transition under out-of-plane electric fields and doping using first-principles calculations. Our calculations reveal that the electronic properties of 4MG are highly tunable, featuring multiple field-driven insulator-metal transitions. The most significant phenomena emerge on the hole-doped side, where a negative electric field unlocks a Lifshitz transition with a unique dual character: an extreme sensitivity that allows it to be triggered by minimal doping near the charge neutrality point and the capacity for a colossal density of states (DOS). The resulting DOS peak is more than an order of magnitude larger than that in benchmark tetralayer rhombohedral graphene. These findings establish 4MG as a versatile platform with remarkably tunable electronic properties, ideal for exploring correlation physics and designing advanced electronic devices.