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    Magnetic flux induced higher-order topological superconductivity

    Jinpeng Xiao1,*, Qianglin Hu2, Zuodong Yu3, Weipeng Chen4,†, and Xiaobing Luo5,‡

    • 1School of Mathematics and Physics, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Jiangxi Education Institutes, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
    • 2Department of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Tongren University, Tong Ren 554300, China
    • 3School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
    • 4Department of Physics and Siyuan Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
    • 5Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Quantum State Control and Optical Field Manipulation, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China

    • *Contact author: xiaojinpeng2018@163.com
    • †Contact author: wpchen2023@163.com
    • ‡Contact author: xiaobingluo2013@aliyun.com

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 195404 – Published 3 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/p91n-lvqv

    Abstract

    Higher-order topological superconductivity typically depends on spin-orbit interaction, and often necessitates well-designed sample structures, nodal superconducting pairings, or complex magnetic order. In this work, we propose a model that incorporates a Zeeman field, antiferromagnetic order, and s-wave superconducting pairing, all without the need for spin-orbit interaction. In a two-dimensional system, we realize a second-order topological superconductor by utilizing a staggered flux, provided that the Zeeman field is oriented perpendicular to the magnetic order moments. In three-dimensional systems, we achieve second- and third-order topological superconductors in theory, through stacking the two-dimensional second-order topological superconductor.

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