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    Programmable exploration of magnetic states in Lieb-kagome interpolated lattices

    Alejandro Lopez-Bezanilla1,*, Pavel A. Dub2, and Avadh Saxena1

    • *Contact author: alejandrolb@gmail.com

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 174430 – Published 24 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/nykx-1tsz

    Abstract

    We investigate a hybrid modeling framework in which a quantum annealer is used to simulate magnetic interactions in molecular qubit lattices inspired by experimentally realizable systems. Using phthalocyanine assemblies as a structurally constrained prototype, we model a continuous deformation from a Lieb to a kagome lattice, revealing frustration-driven disorder and magnetic field-induced reordering in the spin structure. The goal is to show how a quantum annealer can operate as a physically instantiated, programmable platform to emulate experimentally relevant lattice deformations and produce observables in a manner analogous to an experimental measurement, enabling the characterization of magnetic arrangements beyond the reach of current molecular architectures. This surrogate modeling approach offers a pathway to explore and iteratively design tunable magnetic states in synthetic materials. The synthetic design, structural characterization, and quantum simulation framework established here defines a modular and scalable paradigm for probing the limits of engineered matter across chemistry, condensed matter, and quantum information science.

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