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    Topological electronic structure of noncollinear magnetic phases in a multiorbital Hubbard model with spin-orbit interactions

    Ying-Lin Li1, Po-Hao Chou2,3, and Chung-Yu Mou1,2

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 115151 – Published 26 September, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/mtv6-kzxb

    Abstract

    We explore topological electronic structure of magnetic phases in a multiorbital Hubbard model with spin-orbit interactions. To account for more general antiferromagnetic orders that go beyond the collinear Néel order, two different spin-orbit interactions, Dresselhaus and Rashba spin-orbit interactions, are considered. By performing the canonical transformation, we derive the corresponding generalized t−J model. At half-filling, employing self-consistent magnetic order calculations, we find distinctive spin arrangements under Dresselhaus or Rashba spin-orbit interactions. For the Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction, the spin configuration exhibits collinear antiferromagnetic order. On the other hand, the Rashba interaction results in spins antiferromagnetically aligning in the xy plane and a small interaction controlled by hopping parameter induces spin tilting, causing antiferromagnetic alignment in the xy plane but ferromagnetic alignment in the z direction. We categorize topological properties of these phases for low doping in the generalized t−J model: for three-dimensional collinear antiferromagnetic order, the system possesses a modified time-reversal symmetry, characterized by the Z2 index. In contrast, for systems with tilted antiferromagnetic orders, it is protected by inversion symmetry and characterized by the Z4 index. We further examine the bulk-edge correspondence for noncollinear magnetic phases, revealing that the glide-symmetry-protected gapless surface state emerges when the surface is parallel to the ferromagnetic component of tilted antiferromagnetic order; otherwise, the surface state exhibits a gap. Our findings offer a comprehensive topological characterization for doped and canted antiferromagnetic insulators with spin-orbit interactions, providing valuable insights into the interplay between spin arrangements, symmetries, and topological properties in systems governed by the multiorbital Hubbard model.

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