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    Double helicoid surface states in Dirac semimetals protected by glide-time-reversal symmetry

    Taiki Yukitake1,2, Daisuke Hara2, and Shuichi Murakami1,2,3,4,*

    • *Contact author: murakami@ap.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 045137 – Published 21 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/m5jl-r241

    Abstract

    Recently, some Z2 monopole charges were defined for Dirac semimetals with GT symmetry (G: glide, T: time-reversal) in previous works, and the charges are believed to lead to double helicoid surface states. However, no proof of the bulk-surface correspondence is given there. In this paper, we define a generalized Z2 charge, which enables us to find various properties of GT-protected Dirac semimetals. Then, by using the Z2 charge, we give a proof of the bulk-surface correspondence. We also show that the new Z2 charge is equal to the Z2 invariant for G-protected topological crystalline insulators, and to the second Stiefel-Whitney number for PT-protected nodal line semimetals, under some symmetries.

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