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    Clifford circuits augmented matrix product states for fermion systems

    Jiale Huang1,*, Xiangjian Qian1,*, and Mingpu Qin1,2,†

    • 1Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
    • 2Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: qinmingpu@sjtu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 205106 – Published 4 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/lwwp-6rqk

    Abstract

    Clifford circuits augmented matrix product states (CAMPS) was recently proposed to leverage the advantages of both Clifford circuits and matrix product states (MPS). Clifford circuits can support large entanglement and can be efficiently simulated classically according to the Gottesman-Knill theorem. So in CAMPS, MPS needs only to handle the so-called nonstabilizerness entanglement entropy which significantly improves the simulation accuracy for a given bond dimension. In this work, we generalize CAMPS to study the fermion system by taking advantage of the Jordan-Wigner transformation which can map the studied fermion system to a spin system. We benchmark the method on both the spinless t−V model and the spinful Hubbard model. Our test results show significant improvement of the accuracy of CAMPS over MPS, especially when the interactions are strong. Fermionic CAMPS provides a useful tool for the accurate study of many-body fermion systems in the future and has the potential to help resolve long-standing issues.

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