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Kramers nodal line in the charge density wave state of YTe3 and the influence of twin domains

Shuvam Sarkar1,*, Joydipto Bhattacharya2,3, Pramod Bhakuni1, Divya Jangra1, Pampa Sadhukhan1, Rajib Batabyal1, Christos D. Malliakas4, Marco Bianchi5, Davide Curcio5 et al.

Shubhankar Roy6, Arnab Pariari7, Sajal Barman1, Mohammad Balal1, Giovanni Di Santo8, Luca Petaccia8, Duck Young Chung9, Yihao Wang4,9, Vasant G. Sathe1, Prabhat Mandal7, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis4,9, Philip Hofmann5, Aparna Chakrabarti2,3, and Sudipta Roy Barman1,†

  • *Contact author: shuvamsarkarhere@gmail.com
  • †Contact author: barmansr@gmail.com

Phys. Rev. B 113, 035129 – Published 16 January, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ld4p-hl13

Abstract

Recent studies have focused on the relationship between charge density wave (CDW) collective electronic ground states and nontrivial topological states. YTe3, a nonmagnetic quasi-two-dimensional chalcogenide, has been reported to exhibit a CDW state below 334 K. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT), we establish that YTe3 is a CDW-induced Kramers nodal line (KNL) metal, a recently proposed topological state of matter. Scanning tunneling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction reveal two orthogonal domains, each with a unidirectional CDW and a similar wave vector (qCDW). When the influence of twin domains is considered, the effective band structure (EBS) computations that utilize DFT-calculated bands using a noncentrosymmetric structure determined by x-ray crystallography, show excellent agreement with ARPES. The noncentrosymmetry of YTe3 is established by Raman spectroscopy. The Fermi surface and ARPES intensity plots show weak shadow bands displaced by qCDW from the main bands. These are linked to CDW modulation, as the EBS calculation confirms. Bilayer split main and shadow bands suggest the existence of crossings, according to theory and experiment. DFT bands, including spin-orbit coupling, indicate existence of a KNL along the Σ direction from multiple crossings of bands dispersing perpendicular to it. Additionally, doubly degenerate bands are only found along the KNL at all energies, with some bands dispersing through the Fermi level.

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