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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Interplay between electronic and atomic short-range order in La2−xCaxCuO4−δ: Temperature and doping dependence

S. Hameed1,*, Y. Liu1, K. S. Rabinovich1, G. Kim1, M. Neumann1, P. Wochner1, G. Christiani1, G. Logvenov1, K. Higuchi1 et al.

N. B. Brookes2, E. Weschke3, F. Yakhou-Harris2, A. V. Boris1, B. Keimer1,†, and M. Minola1,‡

  • *Contact author: s.hameed@fkf.mpg.de
  • †Contact author: b.keimer@fkf.mpg.de
  • ‡Contact author: m.minola@fkf.mpg.de
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Phys. Rev. B 112, L161114 – Published 10 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/kyhl-lsw2

Abstract

Complex oxides are well-known to develop oxygen ordering patterns with well-defined periodicities, but their interplay with the electronic structure remains largely unexplored. Here, we report resonant and nonresonant x-ray diffraction data indicating a four-unit-cell periodic superstructure related to oxygen vacancy ordering in La2−xCaxCuO4−δ films with Ca dopant concentrations from the underdoped (x=0.15) to the extremely overdoped (x=0.50) regime. Whereas the oxygen superstructure is temperature independent up to 300 K, a strongly temperature-dependent electronic charge density wave (CDW) is observed in the underdoped and slightly overdoped regimes (x≤0.20). The periodicity, in-plane, and out-of-plane correlation lengths of the CDW are locked in by the oxygen superstructure. Our results highlight the interdependence of electronic and atomic ordering phenomena and underscore the necessity of determining the temperature dependence to distinguish electronic and lattice atomic contributions to superstructures.

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Phys. Rev. B 112, L161114– Published 10 October, 2025
  • Received 27 June 2024
  • Revised 7 May 2025
  • Accepted 18 September 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by Max Planck Society.

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