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    Graded hopping screens nonreciprocity and reorganizes Stark asymptotics in a non-Hermitian Stark chain

    Y. S. Liu1 and X. Z. Zhang1,2,*

    • *Contact author: zhangxz@tjnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 194301 – Published 1 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/k27k-n1qn

    Abstract

    We study a one-dimensional non-Hermitian Stark chain with nonreciprocal, linearly graded hopping. A diagonal similarity transformation eliminates the bond asymmetry and changes the usual exponential skin factor into an algebraic accumulation, dj∼jη, with η=γ/F2. At fixed spectral energy, the characteristic roots of the transformed recurrence become nonunimodular at |F1|=2|F2|. The next order in 1/j supplies an energy-dependent factor js(E,r) for nondegenerate roots. At root coalescence, the generic fixed-energy envelope is of Bessel or modified-Bessel type, while a fine-tuned energy gives a separate algebraic branch. The edge polarization turns over near the root threshold, and the selective inverse participation ratio rises on the Stark-localized side. For a charge-density-wave quench at nonzero nonreciprocity, the normalized right-state half-chain entropy, averaged over t∈[6,8], is largest at F1/F2=2 among the representative ratios 1, 2, and 3. For this site-diagonal quench, the biorthogonal spectrum removes the explicit diagonal skin factor and follows the transformed symmetric dynamics. The model therefore separates the exact gauge dressing, the controlled large-position asymptotics, and the finite-size dynamical signatures of Stark localization.

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