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    Study of the triangular-lattice Hubbard model with constrained-path quantum Monte Carlo

    Shu Fay Ung*,†, Ankit Mahajan*,‡, and David R. Reichman§

    • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • †Contact author: su2254@columbia.edu
    • ‡Contact author: ankitmahajan76@gmail.com
    • §Contact author: drr2103@columbia.edu

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 065112 – Published 9 July, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/j85h-z664

    Abstract

    We benchmark constrained-path Monte Carlo (CPMC) on the triangular-lattice Hubbard model for several fillings and U values and show that symmetry-adapted trial wave functions substantially improve quantitative accuracy. Away from half filling, simple free-electron-based trials that preserve the ground state symmetry yield energy deviations ≲1% from exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group results. At half filling, strong frustration in the intermediate to large U regimes necessitates symmetry-projected trials to reach comparable accuracy, where both free-electron and symmetry-broken Hartree-Fock trials incur substantial constraint bias. Since the computational cost of CPMC with symmetry projection scales polynomially with system size, our results motivate its use as a practical route for studying competing ground states in strongly correlated, frustrated systems.

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