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Topological phase diagram of twisted bilayer graphene as a function of the twist angle

Leonardo A. Navarro-Labastida1, Pierre A. Pantaleón2,3,*, Francisco Guinea2,4, and Gerardo G. Naumis5,†

  • *Contact author: pierre.pantaleon@imdea.org
  • †Contact author: naumis@fisica.unam.mx

Phys. Rev. B 113, 085124 – Published 12 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hzm9-bnwl

Abstract

Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) hosts a rich landscape of electronic phases arising from the interplay between strong electron-electron interactions and nontrivial band topology. While the flat bands near zero energy are central to many correlated phenomena, their interaction with higher-energy remote bands remains less understood. Here, we investigate these hybridization processes as a function of the twist angle and analyze their impact on the real-space electron density, topological properties such as Chern number, quantum metric, and orbital magnetic energy. We identify multiple topological phase transitions between magic angles, driven by band inversions at high-symmetry points in momentum space. Notably, the central bands can exhibit phases with Chern numbers C=±2, revealing previously unreported topological states in TBG.

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synopsis

Bilayer Graphene Reveals Hidden Topology

Published 12 February, 2026

Small rotations of a graphene layer relative to its neighboring layer expose previously unseen topological phases.

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