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    Noise-assisted sensing via stochastic resonance near driven-dissipative nonlinear higher-order exceptional points

    Na Sun, Weixuan Zhang*, Hao Yuan, and Xiangdong Zhang†

    • Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

    • *Contact author: zhangwx@bit.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: zhangxd@bit.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. B 113, 125412 – Published 9 March, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hgg2-6r5x

    Abstract

    Exceptional points (EPS) can enhance sensitivity for weak signal detection, but noise typically degrades their performance. Here, contrary to this conventional wisdom, we theoretically introduce and experimentally demonstrate a noise-assisted sensing paradigm leveraging stochastic resonances near a driven-dissipative nonlinear fourth-order exceptional point (EP4). Using a minimal two-site model with asymmetric dissipation and single-site driving, we realize an EP4 exhibiting fourfold degeneracy in steady-state eigenamplitudes under fixed-frequency driving. Crucially, this EP4 coexists with third-order EPS and second-order exceptional lines, partitioning a two-parameter space into mono-, bi-, and tristable regions. We demonstrate that noise induces bi- and multistable stochastic resonances, synergizing with the quartic-root dispersion around EP4 to dramatically amplify weak signals and enhance signal-to-noise ratios. Experimental validation with nonlinear electrical circuits confirms these predictions. Our work establishes driven-dissipative nonlinear higher-order EPS with eigenamplitude degeneracy as a potent platform for noise-enhanced sensing, harnessing nonlinear multistability and EP physics to transcend conventional noise limitations.

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