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    Nonlinear spin-motive force driven by mixed-space quantum geometry

    Tomonari Meguro1,*, Hiroaki Ishizuka2,†, and Kentaro Nomura1,3,‡

    • *Contact author: meguro.tomonari@mbp.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp
    • †Contact author: ishizuka@hiroishizuka.com
    • ‡Contact author: nomura.kentaro@mbp.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp

    Phys. Rev. B 114, 194416 – Published 19 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gdnn-wrbc

    Abstract

    Spin-motive force, i.e., the electric current induced by magnetization dynamics, is theoretically studied beyond the Thouless-pump paradigm. In contrast to the linear-response regime, where the induced current is purely ac, we show that spin-motive force acquires both a dc component and a second-harmonic component at nonlinear order in magnetization dynamics. We further clarify that both contributions originate from the geometric properties of electronic bands—quantum geometry defined in the mixed parameter space (k,m) spanned by electron momentum k and magnetization m. By applying the theory to a Luttinger model, we demonstrate that our mechanism yields a finite nonlinear current even in the insulating regime, and the resulting electrical signal is measurable in a conventional current-measurement setup. Our findings offer an operating principle of ac-to-dc conversion with magnetic materials, highlighting the pivotal role of the (k,m)-mixed-space quantum geometry in magnetization-dynamics-induced electric currents.

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