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  • Open Access

Robust quantum anomalous Hall effect with spatially uncorrelated disorder

Kristof Moors1,2,*,† and Gen Yin3,‡

  • *Contact author: kristof.moors@imec.be
  • †Present address: Imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
  • ‡Contact author: gen.yin@georgetown.edu
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Phys. Rev. B 112, 224437 – Published 23 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/dflq-zbrl

Abstract

In magnetic topological insulators, a phase transition between a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) phase and an Anderson localization phase can be triggered by the rotation of an applied magnetic field. Without the scattering paths along magnetic domains, this phase transition is governed by scattering induced by nonmagnetic disorder. We show that the QAH phase is strikingly robust in the presence of spatially uncorrelated disorder. The robustness is attributed to the quantum confinement induced by the short correlation length of the disorder. The critical behavior near the phase transition suggests a picture distinct from quantum percolation. This provides new insights into the robustness of the QAH effect in magnetic topological insulators with atomic defects, impurities, and dopants.

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Phys. Rev. B 112, 224437– Published 23 December, 2025
  • Received 9 May 2025
  • Revised 29 May 2025
  • Accepted 26 November 2025
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