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    Magnetization and exchange in nonstoichiometric magnetite

    Ricardo Aragón

    • Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716

    Phys. Rev. B 46, 5328 – Published 1 September, 1992

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.46.5328

    Abstract

    Measurements of saturation magnetization and remanence in Fe3(1−δ)O4 single crystals with (0.000 <δ<0.006) between 4.2 and 300 K are reported. The exchange constants JAB, evaluated with spin-wave theory in the harmonic approximation, agree with those derived from low-temperature heat-capacity investigations. A discontinuous change in behavior for δ>0.0039 is consistent with the change from a first- to second-order Verwey transition, associated wtih splitting of the octahedral electronic levels. A self-reversal of the remanent moment is observed at TV, in the second-order regime. Simple nearest-neighbor models, in the mean-field approximation, suffice to account for all electronic and magnetic critical temperatures, in the Ising two-state and Heisenberg formulations, respectively.

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