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Strongly correlated Hofstadter subbands in minimally twisted bilayer graphene

Cheng Shen1,*,†, Yifei Guan1,*, Davide Pizzirani2, Zekang Zhou1, Punam Barman1, Kenji Watanabe3, Takashi Taniguchi4, Steffen Wiedmann2, Oleg V. Yazyev1 et al.

Mitali Banerjee1,‡

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Present address: School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
  • ‡Contact author: mitali.banerjee@epfl.ch

Phys. Rev. B 110, L161402 – Published 7 October, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.L161402

Abstract

The moiré superlattice in twisted bilayer graphene has been proven to be a versatile platform for exploring exotic quantum phases. Extensive investigations have been invoked focusing on the zero-magnetic-field phase diagram at the magic twist angle around θ=1.1∘, which has been indicated to be an exclusive regime for exhibiting a flat band with the interplay of strong electronic correlation and untrivial topology in the experiment so far. In contrast, electronic bands in non-magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene host dominant electronic kinetic energy compared to Coulomb interaction. By quenching the kinetic energy and enhancing Coulomb exchange interactions by means of an applied perpendicular magnetic field, here we unveil gapped flat Hofstadter subbands at large magnetic flux that yield correlated insulating states in minimally twisted bilayer graphene at θ=0.41∘. These states appear with isospin symmetry breaking due to strong Coulomb interactions. Our work provides a platform to study the phase transition of the strongly correlated Hofstadter spectrum.

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