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  • Letter

Facilitating field-free perpendicular magnetization switching with a Berry curvature dipole in a Weyl semimetal

Dong Li1,2,*, Xing-Yu Liu1,*, Xing-Guo Ye1, Zhen-Cun Pan1, Wen-Zheng Xu1, Peng-Fei Zhu1, An-Qi Wang1, Kenji Watanabe3, Takashi Taniguchi4 et al.

Zhi-Min Liao1,5,†

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Contact author: liaozm@pku.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. B 110, L100409 – Published 27 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.L100409

Abstract

We report the synergy between orbital and spin-orbit torques in WTe2/Fe3GeTe2 heterostructures characterized by a Berry curvature dipole. By applying a current along the a axis in WTe2, we detect an out-of-plane magnetization in the system, which we attribute to nonequilibrium orbital magnetization linked to the Berry curvature dipole based on first-principles calculations, manifesting as the orbital Edelstein effect. This effect generates orbital torques that enable field-free perpendicular magnetization switching. Furthermore, by applying a relatively small current along the a axis and a pulsed current along the b axis in WTe2, we demonstrate controllable field-free magnetization switching of the adjacent Fe3GeTe2 layer, independently manipulating the orbital and spin-orbit torques. Our findings not only enhance the understanding of the collaborative dynamics between these torques but also suggest potential applications in magnetoresistive random-access memory.

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