Thermalization time marks the scale at which the subsystem entanglement reaches its thermal value. It was recently shown to exhibit two distinct stages in a generic class of quantum circuits with decay rates $r_1$ and $r_2$ before and after thermalization. The two rates are observed in the Floquet dynamics of the state purity, entanglement spectra, and (local) correlation functions, both in clean and disordered systems. Entanglement membrane theory interprets $r_1$ as domain-wall energy and $r_2$ as either a geometric effect (phantom eigenvalue) or a competition with an emergent magnon mode. In the case when the domain wall dominates, this offers a practical measure for entanglement growth via local correlations.

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• Entanglement entropy
• Entanglement production
• Quantum circuits
• Random walks
• Statistical phenomena & chaos
• Computational complexity
• Tensor network methods