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Anomalous Hall effect in thin bismuth

Oulin Yu1, Sujatha Vijayakrishnan1, R. Allgayer2, T. Szkopek3, and G. Gervais1

  • 1Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
  • 2Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B1
  • 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 0E9

Phys. Rev. B 109, L121406 – Published 18 March, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.L121406

Abstract

Bismuth, the heaviest of all stable group V elements with strong spin-orbit coupling, is famously known to exhibit many interesting transport properties, and effects such as Shubnikov-de Haas and de Haas-van Alphen were first revealed in its bulk form. However, the transport properties have not yet been fully explored experimentally in thin bismuth nor in its two-dimensional limit. In this work, bismuth flakes with average thicknesses ranging from 29 to 69 nm were mechanically exfoliated by a microtrench technique and were used to fabricate four-point devices. Due to the mixing of components, Onsager's relations were used to extract the longitudinal (Rxx) and Hall (Rxy) resistances where the latter shows a Hall anomaly that is consistent with the anomalous Hall effect. Our work strongly suggests that that there could be a hidden mechanism for time-reversal symmetry breaking in pure bismuth thin films.

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