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Observation of acoustic Floquet π modes in a time-varying lattice

Zhao-xian Chen1,2,*, An Chen1,*, Yu-Gui Peng3, Zheng-wei Li1, Bin Liang1,†, Jing Yang1,‡, Xue-Feng Zhu3,§, Yan-qing Lu2, and Jian-chun Cheng1,∥

  • 1Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, MOE, Institute of Acoustics, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
  • 2College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
  • 3School of Physics and Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Corresponding author: liangbin@nju.edu.cn
  • ‡Corresponding author: yangj@nju.edu.cn
  • §Corresponding author: xfzhu@hust.edu.cn
  • ∥Corresponding author: jccheng@nju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. B 109, L020302 – Published 5 January, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.L020302

Abstract

Time modulation provides an important degree of freedom for classical wave steering in topological manners. Rather than using the spatial dimension to mimic time, here we design and implement an acoustic temporal lattice with time-varying couplings to demonstrate a unique type of strongly localized Floquet π modes that are gauge independent and can be robustly excited at the frequency in the nontrivial band gap. We observe the topological phase transitions by changing modulation frequency, consistent with the calculated quasienergy spectra. Our work paves the way for investigating intrinsic characteristics of various temporal systems and may inspire other intriguing discoveries in topological systems, such as higher-order temporal Floquet topological insulators.

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Phys. Rev. B 109, L020302– Published 5 January, 2024
  • Received 29 April 2023
  • Revised 6 December 2023
  • Accepted 7 December 2023
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