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  • Letter

Observation of fourfold nodal hinges and toruslike surface modes in acoustic metamaterials

Huahui Qiu1, Qicheng Zhang1,*, Tingzhi Liu1, Xiying Fan2, and Chunyin Qiu1,†

  • 1Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
  • 2Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China

  • *qicheng.zhang@whu.edu.cn
  • †cyqiu@whu.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. B 108, L201102 – Published 3 November, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.L201102

Abstract

Three-dimensional topological semimetals have attracted tremendous attention across multiple disciplines. Recently, a novel class of nodal-line semimetals hosting fourfold nodal hinges has been proposed, which manifests as four-band degeneracies pinning at the hinges of the three-dimensional Brillouin zone. Markedly different from the conventional nodal line featuring a nontrivial π Berry phase that brings about drumhead surface modes, the fourfold nodal hinge carries a Berry phase of 2π and yields exotic toruslike surface modes. However, this fascinating nodal-line semimetal phase has not yet been reached experimentally. Here, we report a concrete construction of acoustic metamaterials with such symmetry-enforced fourfold nodal hinges and present convincing experimental evidence for the highly desired topological objects and the consequent toruslike surface modes. In addition, we also identify the twofold nodal walls and hourglass nodal lines in this system, where the latter feature drumhead surface states as usual. Our study may offer new possibilities for manipulating acoustic surface waves and exploring unique topological semimetal phases.

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