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Near-frozen nonequilibrium state at high energy in an integrable system

Stefan G. Fischer1, Yigal Meir2, Yuval Gefen3, and Bernd Rosenow1

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Leipzig, Brüderstrasse 16, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
  • 2Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
  • 3Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel

Phys. Rev. B 108, L081121 – Published 24 August, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.L081121

Abstract

Ergodic many-body systems are expected to reach thermal equilibrium. Here, we demonstrate that, surprisingly, high-energy electrons, which are injected into a quantum Hall edge mode with finite-range interactions, stabilize at a far-from-thermalized state over a long timescale. To detect this nonequilibrium state, one positions an energy-resolved detector downstream of the injection point. So far, nonequilibrium distributions in integrable systems were either found not to display relaxation at all, or generically relax to near-thermal asymptotic states. In stark contrast, the here-obtained many-body state comprises fast-decaying transient components, followed by a nearly frozen distribution with a peak near the injection energy.

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