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Sign-tunable exchange bias effect in proton-intercalated Fe3GaTe2 nanoflakes

Chunsheng Wang1,2,*, Jie Wang2,*, Wen-Qiang Xie3,4,*, Gaojie Zhang5,6, Hao Wu5,6, Jianhui Zhou2, Xiangde Zhu2, Wei Ning2, Guopeng Wang1 et al.

Cheng Tan7, Lan Wang7, Haifeng Du2, Yu-Jun Zhao4,†, Haixing Chang5,6,8,‡, Guolin Zheng2,§, Wen-Tong Geng3, and Mingliang Tian1,2

  • 1School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
  • 2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
  • 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • 4Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • 5Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 6Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 7School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
  • 8Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen 518000, China

  • *These authors contributed equally to this paper.
  • †Corresponding author: zhaoyj@scut.edu.cn
  • ‡Corresponding author: hxchang@hust.edu.cn
  • §Corresponding author: glzheng@hmfl.ac.cn
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Phys. Rev. B 107, L140409 – Published 20 April, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.107.L140409

Abstract

The exchange-bias (EB) effect, usually arising in ferromagnetic (FM)-antiferromagnetic (AFM) interfaces with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, holds high potentials in spintronic applications. Here, we report both field-cooling and zero-field cooling EB effects with a maximal EB field |HEB| reaches up to 3859 Oe in above-room-temperature van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 nanoflakes at low temperatures. The observed intrinsic EB effects can be largely tuned via the gate-induced proton intercalation. Moreover, we observe an unusual sign-tunable EB effect under different gate voltages after ±2T field cooling, leading to a crossover between positive and negative EB effects. Theoretical analysis based on density functional theory indicates that the magnetic coupling at the FM/AFM interface in proton-intercalated Fe3GaTe2 is highly controllable and can be tuned to be FMI-1 (↑/↓↑, positive EB) or FMI-2 (↓/↓↑, negative EB) magnetic configurations, depending on different H-absorption sites. Our experiments offer a knob to control the sign of EB effects and further open opportunities for more applicable spintronic devices in high-temperature vdW ferromagnets.

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Phys. Rev. B 107, L140409– Published 20 April, 2023
  • Received 18 December 2022
  • Accepted 30 March 2023
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