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  • Letter

Quantum quenches of an SO(5) pseudospin reveal Higgs bosons

Qiao-Ru Xu1 and Gerardo Ortiz1,2

  • 1Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
  • 2Indiana University Quantum Science and Engineering Center, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA

Phys. Rev. B 107, L100503 – Published 24 March, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.107.L100503

Abstract

A controlled dynamical probe measurement of complex order parameter fluctuations of a system may reveal its massive collective excitations. Here, we design dynamical quench protocols to excite independently all ten midgap Higgs bosons in the isotropic Balian-Werthamer state of a spinful p-wave superfluid or superconductor. The analysis is based on microscopic equations of motion of an SO(5) pseudospin, an extension of the usual Bloch equation to a five-dimensional space. Key to these protocols is the realization of quenches that break the rotational symmetry of the kinetic energy and exploit the irreducible representation of the angular momentum J=2. For perturbative quenches, we find (nondecaying) periodic oscillations in time of these Higgs modes. We present experimental protocols for superconductors (superfluids), with the intention of unveiling the nature of their order parameters.

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