Quasi-one-dimensional systems exhibit many-body effects elusive in higher dimensions. A prime example is spin-orbital separation, which has been measured by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) in ${\mathrm{Sr}}_2{\mathrm{CuO}}_3$. Here, we theoretically analyze the time-resolved RIXS spectrum of ${\mathrm{Sr}}_2{\mathrm{CuO}}_3$ under the action of a time-dependent electric field. We show that the external field can reversibly modify the parameters in the effective $t\text{−}J$ model used to describe spinon and orbiton dynamics in the material. For strong driving amplitudes, we find that the spectrum changes qualitatively as a result of reversing the relative spinon to orbiton velocity. The analysis shows that in general, the spin-orbital dynamics in Mott insulators in combination with time-resolved RIXS should provide a suitable platform to explore the reversible control of many-body physics in the solid with strong laser fields.

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• Fractionalization
• Spinon
• Floquet systems
• Nonequilibrium Green's function
• Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
• Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy
• t-J model