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Universal tripartite entanglement signature of ungappable edge states

Karthik Siva1,*, Yijian Zou2,*, Tomohiro Soejima1, Roger S. K. Mong3, and Michael P. Zaletel1,4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
  • 2Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA
  • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennslyvania 15260, USA
  • 4Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.

Phys. Rev. B 106, L041107 – Published 11 July, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.L041107

Abstract

Gapped two-dimensional topological phases can feature ungappable edge states which are robust even in the absence of protecting symmetries. In this Letter we argue that a multipartite entanglement measure recently proposed in the context of holography, the Markov gap, provides a universal diagnostic of ungappable edge states. Defined as a difference of the reflected entropy and mutual information h(A:B)=SR(A:B)−I(A:B) between two parties, we argue that for A,B being adjacent subregions in the bulk h=c+3ln2, where c+ is the minimal total central charge of the boundary theory. As evidence, we prove that h=0 for string-net models and numerically verify that h=|C|3ln2 for a Chern-C insulator. Our Letter establishes a unique bulk entanglement criteria for the presence of a conformal field theory on the boundary.

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