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Zeeman coupling and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction driven by electric current vorticity

Junji Fujimoto1,*, Wataru Koshibae2, Mamoru Matsuo1,2,3,4, and Sadamichi Maekawa2,1

  • 1Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 2RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
  • 3Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
  • 4CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

  • *Corresponding author: fujimoto.junji@gmail.com; present address: Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Phys. Rev. B 103, L220402 – Published 1 June, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.L220402

Abstract

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, i.e., antisymmetric exchange interaction, combined with a Zeeman magnetic field gives rise to various magnetic states such as chiral, helical, and skyrmionic states. This interaction conventionally originates from spin-orbit coupling and thus needs somewhat heavy elements. In contrast, we here show a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction which is driven by electric current vorticity. We also find that the vorticity acts on localized spins as a Zeeman field, which may explain a recent experiment on current-driven magnetic skyrmion creation and annihilation without an external magnetic field in a device with a notch structure in FeGe. theory explains the control of skyrmion creation and annihilation by current direction and opens different possibilities for studies of magnetic textures by using structural settings.

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