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Anomalous gap ratio in anisotropic superconductors: Aluminum under pressure

Rustem Khasanov1,* and Igor I. Mazin2,3

  • 1Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA
  • 3Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA

  • *rustem.khasanov@psi.ch

Phys. Rev. B 103, L060502 – Published 8 February, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.L060502

Abstract

Pressure dependence of the thermodynamic critical field Bc in elemental aluminum was studied by means of the muon-spin rotation-relaxation technique. Pressure enhances the deviation of Bc(T) from parabolic behavior, expected for a typical type-I superconductor, thus suggesting the weakening of the gap ratio 〈α〉=〈Δ〉/kBTc (〈Δ〉 is the average value of the superconducting energy gap, Tc is the transition temperature, and kB is the Boltzmann constant). With the pressure increase from 0.0 to ≃1.6 GPa, 〈α〉 decreases almost linearly from 1.73(1) to 1.67(1). Our results imply, therefore, that in elemental aluminum, the gap ratio 〈α〉 is smaller than the weak-coupled BCS prediction αBCS≃1.764, and it is even further reduced under pressure.

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