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  • Letter

Relevant-marginal field mixing resolves the four-state Potts endpoint in the square-lattice J1–J2 Ising model

Yihua Sun and Yuchen Fan*

  • *Contact author: yuchenfan@imu.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. B 114, L080406 – Published 25 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/8yb7-rs6t

Abstract

Identifying endpoint criticality is challenging because pseudo-first-order signatures can persist over accessible system sizes and obscure the underlying scaling behavior. This difficulty is especially acute in the frustrated square-lattice J1–J2 Ising model, where the location and even the nature of the stripe-ordering endpoint have remained controversial for decades. Here we treat this endpoint as a relevant-marginal two-field scaling problem and develop a generalized field-mixing construction to resolve the endpoint ambiguity. Mixed-histogram symmetry defines a finite-size pseudotransition manifold, transforming pseudo-first-order finite-size structure into a scaling trajectory on which the normal relevant detuning is removed and the residual marginal drift is exposed. Along this manifold, Binder analysis locates the endpoint as a distinct singular point, while mixed-histogram scaling, comparison with the Ashkin-Teller Potts point, and complementary Binder scaling establish four-state Potts endpoint criticality with logarithmic corrections.

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