Universal dark-selective control in stationary bright-dark exciton condensates
Phys. Rev. B 114, 125303 – Published 7 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/78zs-9f9w
Abstract
Dark exciton condensates offer a long-lived platform, yet controlling their density and spatial profile remains a central challenge. We develop a spatially resolved selectivity framework for driven-dissipative bright-dark condensates controlled by the bright-dark detuning . Within an open-condensate Gross-Pitaevskii framework with effective bright-branch injection and detailed-balance-consistent spin-flip rates, stationarity imposes a universal overlap-renormalized conversion constraint on the dark fraction, rather than on the bare population ratio alone. In the long-lived dark-branch regime this constraint reduces to , while the bright component remains largely buffered by pump and radiative loss. Confinement then determines how the same constraint is realized in real space: soft traps yield ringlike dark accumulation, whereas hard-wall confinement produces boundary layers, radial quantization, and boundary-sensitive annular interfaces under weak pumping, with the corresponding radial branches dynamically selected or destabilized by the pump aperture. The extracted selectivity collapses across top-hat and Gaussian pumps, establishing a compact route to spatially resolved, dark-selective nonequilibrium regimes in van der Waals heterostructures.