Achieving altermagnetism (AM) in two-dimensional materials is crucial for advancing the development of novel spintronic devices. This study introduces an innovative strategy to realize AM in monolayer materials by adsorbing nonmagnetic $sp$ impurity atoms to construct planar bridges. Using holey graphyne (HGY) as the research object, first-principles calculations reveal that B and S impurity atoms can modulate the local electronic structure and trigger a superexchange mechanism, inducing a collinear compensated antiferromagnetic ground state with pronounced altermagnetic properties. Among these, the B adsorption system exhibits the best magnetic performance, with a Néel temperature reaching approximately 210 K. This work offers a flexible and effective strategy to achieve AM in single-atomic-layer materials and $p$-electron systems.

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• Altermagnetism
• Electronic structure
• Exchange interaction
• First-principles calculations
• Molecular dynamics
• Monte Carlo methods