Altermagnetism has extended the magnetic landscape beyond conventional ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. Here, we report a general scheme to realize phase transitions between ferromagnetism and altermagnetism, as well as between antiferromagnetism and altermagnetism, in various two-dimensional magnetic systems. Specifically, we predict a series of $A_{2}M{X}_4$-related ($A=3d$ transition metals; $M=\mathrm{W}$ or Mo; $X=\mathrm{S}$, Se) materials that exhibit diverse magnetic ground states, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and altermagnetism. Through interlayer sliding methods, interlayer exchange coupling in bilayer $A_{2}M{X}_4$ can be effectively controlled and switched between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic coupling, thus realizing an intrinsic phase transition between different magnetic orders, as exemplified by bilayer ${\mathrm{V}}_2\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_4$, $\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_2\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_4$, and $\mathrm{MnP}{\mathrm{S}}_3$. More interestingly, we show that layer-dependent phase transition from ferromagnetism to altermagnetism and from antiferromagnetism to altermagnetism can be tailored in the representative ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}M{X}_4$ and $\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}M{X}_4$ due to interlayer exchange coupling breaks and preserves certain combined symmetries. Our results extend the concept of experimentally observed layer-dependent ferromagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic phase transitions, as seen in systems such as $\mathrm{Cr}{\mathrm{I}}_3$ and $\mathrm{MnB}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{e}}_4$. These findings highlight the facile transitions between the recorded magnetic phases, providing insights into the manifestation of altermagnetic properties in two-dimensional lattice, which opens avenues for designing new spintronic devices through layer effect.

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• Antiferromagnetism
• Exchange interaction
• Magnetic phase transitions
• 2-dimensional systems