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Many-body electronic structure in the pyrochlore superconductor CsBi2 and spin-liquid candidate Pr2Ir2O7

Wei Song1,*, Guowei Liu2,*, Hanbin Deng1,†, Tianyu Yang1, Yongkai Li3,4,5, Xiao-Yu Yan1, Ruoxing Liao1, Qianming Wang1, Jiayu Xu2 et al.

Chao Yan1, Yuanyuan Zhao2, Hailang Qin2, Da Wang6, Wenchuan Jing7,8, Dawei Shen9, Kosuke Nakayama10, Takafumi Sato10, Chandan Setty11,12, Desheng Wu2, Boqin Song13, Tianping Ying13, Zhaoming Tian14,15, Akito Sakai16,17, Satoru Nakatsuji16,17,18, Harish Kumar19, Christine A. Kuntscher19, Zhiwei Wang3,4,5, Qi-Kun Xue1,2, and Jia-Xin Yin1,2,‡

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Contact author: denghb@sustech.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: yinjx@sustech.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. B 112, 245131 – Published 12 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6jq5-fgxl

Abstract

The pyrochlore lattice materials can exhibit geometrical frustration, while the related many-body electronic states remain elusive. In this work, we performed scanning tunneling microscopy measurements on the pyrochlore superconductor CsBi2 and spin liquid Pr2Ir2O7 at 0.3 K. For the first time, we obtained atomically resolved images of their (111) surfaces, revealing a hexagonal lattice or a kagome lattice. Tunneling spectroscopy in CsBi2 reveals a nearly fully opened superconductivity gap. The ratio of 2Δ/kBTC=4.7 suggests relatively strong coupling superconductivity, as compared with that in kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A=K,Rb,Cs). In contrast to the previous study categorizing CsBi2 as a type-I superconductor, the applied magnetic field induces a hexagonal vortex lattice in which each vortex core exhibits an intriguing threefold symmetry state. In Pr2Ir2O7, we observed a spatially homogeneous Kondo-lattice resonance, which is compared with that in the kagome Kondo-lattice material CsCr6Sb6. We further discover that the Kondo resonance exhibits a spatial modulation with threefold symmetry, and the applied magnetic field induces a Zeeman splitting of the Kondo resonance with intriguing atomic site dependence. We discuss the relations of these many-body electronic phenomena with the pyrochlore lattice geometry and its charge or spin frustration. Our systematic observations offer atomic-scale insights into the many-body electronic structures of the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore superconductors and spin liquids.

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