One-dimensional (1D) quantum wires provide a versatile platform for studying strong electron-electron interactions and collective excitations under confinement. Coulomb drag between 1D systems offers a powerful probe of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) physics, with theoretical predictions suggesting a distinct power-law in temperature dependencies between the spin-full and the spin-polarized regimes. However, experimental verification has thus far remained limited. Here, we report measurements of reciprocal and nonreciprocal Coulomb drag between vertically coupled quasi-1D disordered quantum wires in the spin-polarized regime. Clear signatures of spin splitting are observed in both the wires' conductance and in the drag signal. The 1D Coulomb drag signal exhibits different power-law behaviors in the spin-full and spin-polarized regimes and follows the same scaling as predicted for the TLL interaction parameters in ballistic wires. These results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions for backscattering-induced drag in the reciprocal regime of single-subband ballistic quantum wires and show these predictions remain valid in the disordered, nonreciprocal, and multiple-subband regimes.

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• Magnetotransport
• Mesoscopics
• Quantum transport
• Transport phenomena
• Quantum wires
• Transport techniques