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    Symplectic-amoeba formulation of the non-Bloch band theory for one-dimensional two-band systems

    Shin Kaneshiro* and Robert Peters

    • *Contact author: kaneshiro.shin.88a@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

    Phys. Rev. B 112, 075408 – Published 8 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5s1z-5t9r

    Abstract

    The non-Hermitian skin effect is a topological phenomenon, resulting in the condensation of bulk modes near the boundaries. Due to the localization of bulk modes at the edges, boundary effects remain significant even in the thermodynamic limit. This renders conventional Bloch band theory inapplicable and hinders the accurate computation of the spectrum. The amoeba formulation addresses this problem by determining the potential from which the spectrum can be derived using the generalized Szegö's limit theorem, reducing the problem to an optimization of the Ronkin function. While this theory provides insights into non-Hermitian physics, challenges arise from the multiband nature and symmetry-protected degeneracies, even in one-dimensional cases. In this work, we investigate one-dimensional two-band class AII† systems, where Kramers pairs invalidate the conventional amoeba formalism. We find that these challenges can be overcome by optimizing the symmetry-decomposed Ronkin functions, which is achieved by extrapolating the total Ronkin function. Finally, we propose a generalized Szegö's limit theorem for class AII† and numerically demonstrate that our approach correctly computes the potential and localization length.

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