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  • Letter

Robust topological surface states in skyrmion-host magnets Eu(Ga,Al)4: Evidence for dual topology

Yuki Arai1, Kosuke Nakayama1,*, Takemi Kato2,3, Tomonori Nakamura3, Asuka Honma1, Seigo Souma2,4, Kenichi Ozawa5, Kiyohisa Tanaka6,7, Daisuke Shiga8 et al.

Hiroshi Kumigashira8, Yoshinori Okada3, Kouji Segawa9,†, and Takafumi Sato1,2,4,10,11,‡

  • *Contact author: k.nakayama@arpes.phys.tohoku.ac.jp
  • †Contact author: segawa@cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp
  • ‡Contact author: t-sato@arpes.phys.tohoku.ac.jp

Phys. Rev. B 114, L020402 – Published 7 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5hbm-g33v

Abstract

The interplay between real-space topology such as magnetic skyrmions and momentum-space topology characterized by topological surface states (TSSs) is predicted to realize novel phenomena and functionalities, yet materials hosting both topologies are scarce. Skyrmion-hosting helimagnet family EuGa2Al2 and EuAl4 has been a prime candidate for such a dual-topology system, but conclusive evidence for its momentum-space topology has remained elusive. We provide this evidence by directly observing TSSs that stem from bulk Dirac nodal lines using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. These TSSs are exceptionally robust against various perturbations such as a 2×1 surface reconstruction, a chemical change in the termination of the crystal surface, and the onset of helical antiferromagnetic order. Crucially, below the Néel temperature, we observe replica bands driven by the magnetic ordering. Moreover, we demonstrate clear surface-termination dependence of this magnetotopological coupling. Our findings establish Eu(Ga1−xAlx)4 as a dual-topology material and offer a rare platform to explore and control the interaction between the two fundamental topological realms.

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